陜西瀝青路(lu)面由于其行車舒適性(xing)較(jiao)好,后期養護成本(ben)較(jiao)低,施工工期短等諸多(duo)優點,現已廣泛用(yong)于國內省干線(xian)公路的修(xiu)建。瀝(li)青在后期使用(yong)過程(cheng)中會(hui)出現各(ge)種(zhong)病害,對路面出現的不(bu)同程(cheng)度的損害如不(bu)及時進行養護維(wei)修(xiu)……
瀝(li)(li)青路面由于其(qi)行(xing)車(che)舒適性(xing)較好,后(hou)期(qi)養(yang)護成(cheng)本(ben)較低(di),施工工期(qi)短等諸多優點,現已(yi)廣(guang)泛用(yong)于國內省干線(xian)公路的(de)(de)修建。瀝(li)(li)青在(zai)后(hou)期(qi)使用(yong)過程(cheng)中會出現各種病(bing)害(hai),對路面出現的(de)(de)不同程(cheng)度的(de)(de)損害(hai)如不及(ji)時進行(xing)養(yang)護維修,不僅對影響(xiang)路面的(de)(de)美(mei)觀,更會影響(xiang)到行(xing)車(che)舒適性(xing)及(ji)安全性(xing),甚至(zhi)因此造成(cheng)交通事故,威脅到人民的(de)(de)生(sheng)命財(cai)產(chan)安全。本(ben)文列(lie)舉瀝(li)(li)青路面見(jian)常的(de)(de)一些病(bing)害(hai)及(ji)處理方式,供大(da)家(jia)進行(xing)參考學(xue)習。
瀝青路面在使(shi)用(yong)過程中(zhong)出現的(de)(de)病害(hai)是多(duo)種多(duo)樣的(de)(de),如:擁(yong)包(bao)、泛油(you)、裂(lie)縫、松散(san)、沉陷、坑(keng)槽、波浪、啃邊等。如不(bu)對這(zhe)些(xie)病害(hai)及時(shi)(shi)進行處理,隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)間推(tui)移,這(zhe)些(xie)病害(hai)會(hui)演變得(de)更為惡劣,加上(shang)后期(qi)雨水的(de)(de)滲入,風沙的(de)(de)腐蝕,從(cong)而導致路基甚至路床的(de)(de)損壞,加大了后期(qi)維修的(de)(de)成(cheng)本。因(yin)此在這(zhe)些(xie)病害(hai)發(fa)生的(de)(de)前(qian)期(qi)就要及時(shi)(shi)處理,防止病害(hai)的(de)(de)擴大。
擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao):擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao)的產生(sheng)主(zhu)要有三種因素,一(yi)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)攤鋪(pu)(pu)瀝(li)(li)青路(lu)面(mian)(mian)時局部(bu)遺留瀝(li)(li)青較多沒(mei)有進行移除(chu)或找平,形成擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao)。對(dui)這類擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao)可(ke)(ke)直(zhi)接鏟除(chu)或者銑(xian)(xian)刨(bao)即可(ke)(ke)。二(er)是(shi)由于(yu)路(lu)面(mian)(mian)在(zai)(zai)鋪(pu)(pu)設時使(shi)用細集料(liao)(liao)過(guo)多產生(sheng)擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao),可(ke)(ke)對(dui)擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao)直(zhi)接進行銑(xian)(xian)刨(bao)處理(li),銑(xian)(xian)刨(bao)后(hou)應(ying)使(shi)用原擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao)位(wei)置低于(yu)原路(lu)面(mian)(mian)不小于(yu)10mm。然后(hou)再(zai)對(dui)原路(lu)面(mian)(mian)進行攤鋪(pu)(pu),即先(xian)撒(sa)布一(yi)層瀝(li)(li)青粘(zhan)層再(zai)撒(sa)料(liao)(liao)3~6mm厚石屑,利用壓路(lu)機進行碾(nian)壓至規(gui)定(ding)強度即可(ke)(ke)。三是(shi)如果是(shi)因為路(lu)基(ji)不穩(wen)定(ding)導致路(lu)面(mian)(mian)產生(sheng)擁(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)包(bao)(bao),則(ze)在(zai)(zai)對(dui)路(lu)面(mian)(mian)進行銑(xian)(xian)刨(bao)完成后(hou),要將路(lu)基(ji)一(yi)同(tong)挖除(chu),然后(hou)依次重新鋪(pu)(pu)筑路(lu)基(ji)、路(lu)面(mian)(mian)。
泛油(you):泛油(you)是由于瀝(li)(li)青路面(mian)在攤鋪時瀝(li)(li)青混合(he)料(liao)中油(you)石比過(guo)(guo)大,導(dao)致(zhi)攤鋪之(zhi)后粒(li)料(liao)間縫隙過(guo)(guo)小(xiao),瀝(li)(li)青溢出(chu)路面(mian)。經車(che)輪奪過(guo)(guo)后形成車(che)轍,以及雨水不能及時排出(chu)路面(mian)從而對路面(mian)進(jin)行損壞(huai)。對于泛油(you)可將原路面(mian)刨除,換填油(you)石比小(xiao)的瀝(li)(li)青混合(he)料(liao)即可。
裂縫(feng)(feng)(feng):路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)裂縫(feng)(feng)(feng)可分為不(bu)同狀況區(qu)別對(dui)(dui)待,如因(yin)熱脹冷縮產(chan)生裂縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(通(tong)常表現為縫(feng)(feng)(feng)寬小(xiao)于(yu)2mm),可以(yi)不(bu)作處理(li)(li)(li),待氣溫升上來時裂縫(feng)(feng)(feng)就(jiu)會消失。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)寬大(da)于(yu)2mm小(xiao)于(yu)4mm的,可通(tong)過(guo)預(yu)防性養(yang)護(hu),在原有路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)上加鋪罩面(mian)(mian)層來進(jin)行(xing)(xing)維護(hu),對(dui)(dui)于(yu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)寬大(da)于(yu)4mm小(xiao)于(yu)10mm的,要進(jin)行(xing)(xing)擴縫(feng)(feng)(feng)清(qing)理(li)(li)(li),然(ran)后采(cai)用正確的填縫(feng)(feng)(feng)工藝(yi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)填縫(feng)(feng)(feng),對(dui)(dui)于(yu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)寬在10mm以(yi)上的,要進(jin)行(xing)(xing)開槽(cao)灌(guan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)修補工藝(yi)。即要先將(jiang)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)邊緣的路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)刨除,然(ran)后進(jin)行(xing)(xing)清(qing)理(li)(li)(li),將(jiang)路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)吹干,在原縫(feng)(feng)(feng)處先涂抹瀝青(qing)粘層,再(zai)使用與原路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)同等材料進(jin)行(xing)(xing)灌(guan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng),結束之后進(jin)行(xing)(xing)反復碾壓(ya),灌(guan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)材料要高(gao)于(yu)周圍路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)3mm,使其邊緣貼合,表面(mian)(mian)平整光滑(hua)。
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